elasticsearch-基础操作

j记录索引、映射、文档的相关操作。

Elasticsearch基础操作

索引操作

创建索引

PUT /${index_name}
{
    "settings":{
    ...    
    },
    "mappings":{
    ...    
    }
}

示例：

PUT /wql
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
        "name": {
          "type": "keyword"
        }
    }
  }
}

删除索引

DELETE /wql

关闭索引

POST /wql/_close
{
  "acknowledged" : true,
  "shards_acknowledged" : true,
  "indices" : {
    "wql" : {
      "closed" : true
    }
  }
}

打开索引

POST /wql/_open
{
  "acknowledged" : true,
  "shards_acknowledged" : true
}

索引别名

POST /_aliases
{
	"actions": [{
			"add": {
				"index": "reindex_old",
				"alias": "index-alias"
			}
		},
		{
			"remove": {
				"index": "reindex_new",
				"alias": "index-alias"
			}
		}
	]
}

映射操作

查看映射

GET /bank/_mapping
{
  "bank" : {
    "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "account_number" : {
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "address" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "age" : {
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "balance" : {
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "city" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "email" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "employer" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "firstname" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "gender" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "lastname" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "state" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

扩展映射

POST /wql/_mapping
{
  "properties": {
        "address": {
          "type": "keyword"
        }
    }
}

基本数据类型

text和keyword的区别

复杂数据类型

数组类型

# 增加标签字段
POST /hotel/_mapping
{
  "properties":{
    "tags": {
      "type":"keyword"
    }
  }
}

# 插入数据
POST /hotel/_doc/1
{
  "title": "文雅酒店",
  "price": 300,
  "full_room": true,
  "create_time":"20211103",
  "tags":["有车位", "免费"]
}

POST /hotel/_doc/2
{
  "title": "文雅酒店",
  "price": 300,
  "full_room": true,
  "create_time":"20211103",
  "tags":["有车位", "免费WIFI"]
}

#查询数据
GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {"term": {
          "tags": {
            "value": "有车位"
          }
        }},
        {"term": {
          "tags": {
            "value": "免费WIFI"
          }
        }}
      ]
    }
  }
}

# 结果
{
  "took" : 5,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.7587298,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "hotel",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 0.7587298,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "文雅酒店",
          "price" : 300,
          "full_room" : true,
          "create_time" : "20211103",
          "tags" : [
            "有车位",
            "免费WIFI"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

动态映射

生产禁用，因为映射生成的类型可能与用户实际的预期有差异

多字段

PUT /users
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "user_name":{
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "user_name_keyword":{
            "type":"keyword"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

GET /users/_mapping
{
  "users" : {
    "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "user_name" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "user_name_keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


# 这样我们就可以实现既可以按姓名进行搜索，又可以按姓名排序了
GET /users/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "user_name": "张三"
    }
  },
  
  "sort": [
    {
      "user_name.user_name_keyword": {
        "order": "desc"
      }
    }
  ]
}

文档操作

单条写入

POST /hotel/_doc/1
{
  "title": "文雅酒店",
  "price": 300,
  "full_room": true,
  "create_time":"20211103",
  "tags":["有车位", "免费"]
}

批量写入

POST /_bulk
{"index":{"_index":"hotel", "_id":"2"}}
{"title": "文雅酒店","price": 300,"full_room": true,"create_time":"20211103","tags":["有车位", "免费"],"comment_info":{"favourable_commment":199,"negative_comment":68}}
{"index":{"_index":"users", "_id":"2"}}
{"user_name": "user_name"}

# 响应结果
{
  "took" : 42,
  "errors" : false,
  "items" : [
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "hotel",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_version" : 10,
        "result" : "updated",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 17,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 200
      }
    },
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "users",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 1,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    }
  ]
}

单条更新

POST /hotel/_update/1
{
  "doc": {
    "title": "文雅酒店dag"
  }
}

#更新结果
{
  "_index" : "hotel",
  "_type" : "_doc",
  "_id" : "1",
  "_version" : 12,
  "result" : "updated",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 21,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

批量更新

POST /_bulk
{"update":{"_index":"users", "_id":"2"}}
{"doc":{"user_name": "user_name"}}

根据条件更新

POST /users/_update_by_query
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "user_name": {
        "value": "user_name"
      }
    }  
  },
  "script": {
    "source": "ctx._source['user_name'] = 'wql'",
    "lang": "painless"
  }
}

单条删除

DELETE /hotel/_doc/1

批量删除

POST /_bulk
{"delete":{"_index":"users", "_id":"2"}}
{"delete":{"_index":"hotel", "_id":"2"}}

根据条件删除

POST /users/_delete_by_query
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "user_name": {
        "value": "wql"
      }
    }  
  }
}