单元测试—模拟方法异常执行

面向领导编程，公司开始使用SonarQube做代码检查了。又逼着自己学习新技能。

单元测试 -- 模拟方法异常执行

使用@Test及其属性expected

只能校验异常类型，没法校验异常信息

@Test(expected = NestedServletException.class)
public void recallMessageError1() throws Exception {
    RecallMessageDTO recallMessageDTO = new RecallMessageDTO();
    recallMessageDTO.setFromUserId("");
    recallMessageDTO.setTargetId("1131762050372997120");
    recallMessageDTO.setConversationType(ConversationTypeEnum.CONVERSATION_TYPE_1.getType());
    recallMessageDTO.setSentTime("1624368676049");
    recallMessageDTO.setMessageUID("BQ6F-LFPK-87A7-G4SG");
 
    MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders
            .post("/v1/recall_message")
            .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(recallMessageDTO));
            
	MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder) //执行请求
		.andExpect(status().isInternalServerError()) //验证服务器内部错误
		.andReturn();
}

使用try-catch

可以在一个方法里使用try catch校验各种异常类型

@Test
public void recallMessageError2() throws Exception {
    RecallMessageDTO recallMessageDTO = new RecallMessageDTO();
    recallMessageDTO.setFromUserId("");
    recallMessageDTO.setTargetId("1131762050372997120");
    recallMessageDTO.setConversationType(ConversationTypeEnum.CONVERSATION_TYPE_1.getType());
    recallMessageDTO.setSentTime("1624368676049");
    recallMessageDTO.setMessageUID("BQ6F-LFPK-87A7-G4SG");
     
    MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders
            .post("/v1/recall_message")
            .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(recallMessageDTO));
 
    try{
        //异常处理
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder) //执行请求
                .andExpect(status().isInternalServerError()) //验证服务器内部错误
                .andReturn();
    }catch (NestedServletException e) {
        Assert.assertEquals("消息发送人ID不能为空", e.getCause().getMessage());
    }
}

使用@Rule和ExpectedException

ExpectedException从4.7之后才有的，可以让你优雅的测试异常类型和异常信息

@Rule
public ExpectedException thrown = ExpectedException.none();
 
@Test
public void recallMessageError() throws Exception {
    // 不填写发件人
    RecallMessageDTO recallMessageDTO = new RecallMessageDTO();
    recallMessageDTO.setFromUserId("");
    recallMessageDTO.setTargetId("1131762050372997120");
    recallMessageDTO.setConversationType(ConversationTypeEnum.CONVERSATION_TYPE_1.getType());
    recallMessageDTO.setSentTime("1624368676049");
    recallMessageDTO.setMessageUID("BQ6F-LFPK-87A7-G4SG");
 
    thrown.expect(NestedServletException.class);
    thrown.expectMessage("消息发送人ID不能为空");
 
    MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders
            .post("/v1/recall_message")
            .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(recallMessageDTO));
 
    MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder)
            .andDo(print()) //打印输出发出请求的详细信息
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andReturn();
 
}